Care guides

Reptile species care guides

109 species, each with the numbers that actually matter: adult and hatchling enclosure footprints, basking and cool-side temperatures, UVB output, humidity targets, substrate depth, furnishing tips and a species FAQ. Every guide uses the same husbandry data as the in-app enclosure builder.

Snakes

Ball python

Python regius

A heavy-bodied ambush snake that needs floor space and heavy cover. Ball pythons will use every inch given, and cluttered large enclosures reduce stress rather than cause it.

Adult: 72" L × 24" W × 24" H

Corn snake

Pantherophis guttatus

An active, curious colubrid that both climbs and burrows. Height is genuinely used, so don't treat a corn snake as a pure floor-dweller.

Adult: 60" L × 24" W × 30" H

Boa imperator

Boa imperator

A large, powerful boa. Young animals are strongly arboreal; adults need serious floor space and structural climbing.

Adult: 96" L × 36" W × 36" H

Western hognose

Heterodon nasicus

A small, diurnal digging snake. Floor space and substrate depth matter far more than height — they spend much of the day buried.

Adult: 48" L × 24" W × 16" H

King / milk snake

Lampropeltis spp.

Restless, muscular colubrids that roam constantly. They must be housed alone — kingsnakes eat other snakes.

Adult: 60" L × 24" W × 24" H

Kenyan sand boa

Eryx colubrinus

A small burrowing boa that spends most of its life under the substrate. Depth matters far more than height.

Adult: 48" L × 24" W × 16" H

Rosy boa

Lichanura trivirgata

A slow-moving desert boa from the American southwest. Dry, warm and easy — overfeeding and wet substrate are the two real risks.

Adult: 48" L × 24" W × 18" H

Brazilian rainbow boa

Epicrates cenchria

An iridescent humidity-dependent boa. Their care stands or falls on holding 75–90% humidity without soaking the enclosure.

Adult: 72" L × 24" W × 24" H

Carpet python

Morelia spilota

An active Australasian python that genuinely uses branches. Jungle, coastal and jag lines vary in adult size — build for the subspecies you keep.

Adult: 96" L × 24" W × 36" H

Green tree python

Morelia viridis

A fully arboreal display python that perches all day. Perch placement and stable humidity matter more than floor area — an advanced-keeper species.

Adult: 36" L × 24" W × 36" H

Blood / short-tailed python

Python brongersmai

A short, extremely heavy-bodied python from humid Southeast Asian lowlands. They need floor space, high humidity and cooler temps than most pythons.

Adult: 72" L × 30" W × 24" H

Reticulated python

Malayopython reticulatus

A giant, highly intelligent python for experienced keepers only. Many states, counties and cities restrict or ban large constrictors — check your local law before acquiring one.

Adult: 144" L × 60" W × 48" H

Burmese python

Python bivittatus

A massive, generally placid python that outgrows almost every commercial enclosure. Federally restricted from interstate transport in the US and banned or permitted in many states — verify your local law first.

Adult: 144" L × 60" W × 48" H

Garter snake

Thamnophis sirtalis

A diurnal, active North American snake that is awake and visible all day. They want a bright, planted, semi-humid setup and a water area.

Adult: 48" L × 24" W × 24" H

Geckos

Crested gecko

Correlophus ciliatus

A nocturnal, fully arboreal gecko. Height and dense planting matter more than floor area, and they need a cool room — heat above 82°F is dangerous.

Adult: 24" L × 18" W × 36" H

Gargoyle gecko

Rhacodactylus auriculatus

Similar to crested geckos but heavier bodied and more terrestrial in habit — give both height and some usable floor.

Adult: 24" L × 18" W × 36" H

Leopard gecko

Eublepharis macularius

A ground-dwelling, crepuscular gecko from arid grassland. The old 10-gallon recommendation is obsolete — they need floor space, a real gradient and enrichment.

Adult: 48" L × 24" W × 18" H

Giant day gecko

Phelsuma grandis

A brightly diurnal, high-UVB arboreal gecko. Planted vertical space and strong lighting are non-negotiable.

Adult: 24" L × 24" W × 48" H

Tokay gecko

Gekko gecko

Large, nocturnal, and defensive. Plenty of vertical cover reduces the stress that drives their reputation for biting.

Adult: 36" L × 24" W × 48" H

Chahoua gecko

Mniarogekko chahoua

A heavy-bodied New Caledonian arboreal gecko. They want girthy cork to grip, high humidity at night and cool room temperatures — never a basking lamp.

Adult: 24" L × 24" W × 36" H

Leachianus gecko

Rhacodactylus leachianus

The largest living gecko. Adults need a tall, heavily furnished enclosure with a hollow cork retreat, and are usually kept singly — they can be territorial.

Adult: 36" L × 24" W × 48" H

African fat-tailed gecko

Hemitheconyx caudicinctus

A ground-dwelling West African gecko — like a leopard gecko but wanting more humidity and a permanently damp hide.

Adult: 48" L × 24" W × 18" H

Mourning gecko

Lepidodactylus lugubris

A tiny parthenogenetic gecko — all females, and any group will reproduce without a male. Kept in colonies in a planted vertical tank.

Adult: 18" L × 18" W × 24" H

Pictus gecko

Paroedura pictus

A small, fast Madagascan ground gecko. Simple arid-ish setup with a humid hide, but they are quick — open the enclosure low and slow.

Adult: 36" L × 18" W × 18" H

Chinese cave gecko

Goniurosaurus luii

A cool, humid, low-light gecko. The single biggest mistake is keeping them too warm — they need no basking lamp and a room that stays below 80°F.

Adult: 36" L × 18" W × 18" H

Lizards

Bearded dragon

Pogona vitticeps

A large, highly active desert lizard with one of the highest UVB requirements in the hobby. 40-gallon tanks are a starting point, not an adult home.

Adult: 96" L × 24" W × 24" H

Blue-tongue skink

Tiliqua spp.

A heavy, ground-hugging omnivore that burrows. Floor space and deep substrate matter; height is largely wasted on them.

Adult: 96" L × 36" W × 24" H

Uromastyx

Uromastyx spp.

An extreme-desert herbivore needing the hottest basking surface and driest air of any common pet lizard, plus a deep burrow.

Adult: 96" L × 36" W × 24" H

Veiled chameleon

Chamaeleo calyptratus

Needs airflow above all — screen or hybrid enclosures only, densely planted, with a strong vertical thermal gradient.

Adult: 36" L × 24" W × 48" H

Panther chameleon

Furcifer pardalis

Like the veiled but slightly cooler and more humid, and just as intolerant of stagnant air or cohabitation.

Adult: 36" L × 24" W × 48" H

Green anole

Anolis carolinensis

Small, fast and diurnal. Cheap to buy but not cheap to keep well — they need real UVB and a densely planted vertical space.

Adult: 24" L × 18" W × 36" H

Ackie monitor

Varanus acanthurus

A dwarf monitor with big-monitor intelligence. Deep diggable substrate and a very hot, tight basking surface are non-negotiable.

Adult: 96" L × 48" W × 36" H

Savannah monitor

Varanus exanthematicus

Cheap to buy, expensive to keep properly. Adults need a room-scale cage, deep humid soil and a very hot basking surface; obesity and metabolic disease come from getting this wrong.

Adult: 144" L × 72" W × 48" H

Argentine black & white tegu

Salvator merianae

A large, dog-tame lizard that brumates and digs. Plan for a custom 8x4 ft enclosure from day one; some states restrict tegus, so check your local law.

Adult: 144" L × 72" W × 48" H

Chinese water dragon

Physignathus cocincinus

A tall, humid, planted setup with a big water feature. Their classic problem is snout rubbing on glass — height, cover and visual barriers prevent it.

Adult: 72" L × 36" W × 72" H

Red-eyed crocodile skink

Tribolonotus gracilis

A small, shy, semi-aquatic skink from New Guinea. Cool, very humid, heavily cluttered bioactive setups with a water dish they can sit in.

Adult: 36" L × 18" W × 18" H

Frilled dragon

Chlamydosaurus kingii

A tall-cage arboreal agamid that perches vertically on trunks. Height, hot basking and seasonal humidity swings define their care.

Adult: 72" L × 36" W × 72" H

Tortoises

Turtles

Invertebrates

Brazilian Black tarantula

Grammostola pulchra

Floor space first. Adults want roughly three leg spans of length and no more than about 1.5 leg spans of fall height — a heavy-bodied terrestrial that falls can rupture its abdomen.

Adult: 18" L × 12" W × 9" H

Chaco Golden Knee

Grammostola pulchripes

Floor space first. Adults want roughly three leg spans of length and no more than about 1.5 leg spans of fall height — a heavy-bodied terrestrial that falls can rupture its abdomen.

Adult: 18" L × 12" W × 9" H

Chilean Rose hair

Grammostola rosea

Floor space first. Adults want roughly three leg spans of length and no more than about 1.5 leg spans of fall height — a heavy-bodied terrestrial that falls can rupture its abdomen.

Adult: 18" L × 12" W × 9" H

Curly Hair tarantula

Tliltocatl albopilosus

Floor space first. Adults want roughly three leg spans of length and no more than about 1.5 leg spans of fall height — a heavy-bodied terrestrial that falls can rupture its abdomen.

Adult: 18" L × 12" W × 9" H

Mexican Red Knee

Brachypelma hamorii

Floor space first. Adults want roughly three leg spans of length and no more than about 1.5 leg spans of fall height — a heavy-bodied terrestrial that falls can rupture its abdomen.

Adult: 18" L × 12" W × 9" H

Mexican Fireleg

Brachypelma boehmei

Floor space first. Adults want roughly three leg spans of length and no more than about 1.5 leg spans of fall height — a heavy-bodied terrestrial that falls can rupture its abdomen.

Adult: 18" L × 12" W × 9" H

Brazilian Whiteknee

Acanthoscurria geniculata

Floor space first. Adults want roughly three leg spans of length and no more than about 1.5 leg spans of fall height — a heavy-bodied terrestrial that falls can rupture its abdomen.

Adult: 18" L × 12" W × 9" H

Costa Rican Zebra

Aphonopelma seemanni

Floor space first. Adults want roughly three leg spans of length and no more than about 1.5 leg spans of fall height — a heavy-bodied terrestrial that falls can rupture its abdomen.

Adult: 18" L × 12" W × 9" H

Pumpkin Patch

Hapalopus formosus

Floor space first. Adults want roughly three leg spans of length and no more than about 1.5 leg spans of fall height — a heavy-bodied terrestrial that falls can rupture its abdomen.

Adult: 9" L × 6" W × 5" H

Skeleton tarantula

Ephebopus murinus

Substrate depth is the enclosure. Give at least 6 in of packed burrowing mix — a fossorial species with shallow substrate sits exposed and stressed at the surface.

Adult: 10" L × 8" W × 12" H

Goliath Birdeater

Theraphosa stirmi

Floor space first. Adults want roughly three leg spans of length and no more than about 1.5 leg spans of fall height — a heavy-bodied terrestrial that falls can rupture its abdomen.

Adult: 27" L × 18" W × 14" H

Salmon Pink Birdeater

Lasiodora parahybana

Floor space first. Adults want roughly three leg spans of length and no more than about 1.5 leg spans of fall height — a heavy-bodied terrestrial that falls can rupture its abdomen.

Adult: 27" L × 18" W × 14" H

Green Bottle Blue

Chromatopelma cyaneopubescens

Floor space first. Adults want roughly three leg spans of length and no more than about 1.5 leg spans of fall height — a heavy-bodied terrestrial that falls can rupture its abdomen.

Adult: 18" L × 12" W × 9" H

Pink Toe tarantula

Avicularia avicularia

Height first. Arboreals build tube webs against vertical bark, so give them a tall enclosure with a slab to anchor to and only a couple of inches of substrate.

Adult: 8" L × 8" W × 15" H

Cobalt Blue tarantula

Cyriopagopus lividus

Substrate depth is the enclosure. Give at least 6 in of packed burrowing mix — a fossorial species with shallow substrate sits exposed and stressed at the surface.

Adult: 10" L × 8" W × 12" H

Malaysian Earth Tiger

Cyriopagopus sp. 'Sumatran tiger'

Height first. Arboreals build tube webs against vertical bark, so give them a tall enclosure with a slab to anchor to and only a couple of inches of substrate.

Adult: 8" L × 8" W × 15" H

Orange Baboon tarantula (OBT)

Pterinochilus murinus

Floor space first. Adults want roughly three leg spans of length and no more than about 1.5 leg spans of fall height — a heavy-bodied terrestrial that falls can rupture its abdomen.

Adult: 15" L × 10" W × 8" H

Togo Starburst baboon

Heteroscodra maculata

Height first. Arboreals build tube webs against vertical bark, so give them a tall enclosure with a slab to anchor to and only a couple of inches of substrate.

Adult: 8" L × 8" W × 15" H

Indian Ornamental

Poecilotheria regalis

Height first. Arboreals build tube webs against vertical bark, so give them a tall enclosure with a slab to anchor to and only a couple of inches of substrate.

Adult: 11" L × 11" W × 21" H

King Baboon

Pelinobius muticus

Substrate depth is the enclosure. Give at least 10 in of packed burrowing mix — a fossorial species with shallow substrate sits exposed and stressed at the surface.

Adult: 16" L × 12" W × 16" H

Regal jumping spider

Phidippus regius

Vertical space and clutter. Jumpers hunt by sight and sleep in a silk hammock near the ceiling, so the enclosure needs height, hard points to web to, and a front door so you don't tear the hammock every time you open it.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Bold jumping spider

Phidippus audax

Vertical space and clutter. Jumpers hunt by sight and sleep in a silk hammock near the ceiling, so the enclosure needs height, hard points to web to, and a front door so you don't tear the hammock every time you open it.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Canopy jumping spider

Phidippus otiosus

Vertical space and clutter. Jumpers hunt by sight and sleep in a silk hammock near the ceiling, so the enclosure needs height, hard points to web to, and a front door so you don't tear the hammock every time you open it.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Johnson's jumping spider

Phidippus johnsoni

Vertical space and clutter. Jumpers hunt by sight and sleep in a silk hammock near the ceiling, so the enclosure needs height, hard points to web to, and a front door so you don't tear the hammock every time you open it.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Heavy jumping spider

Hyllus diardi

Vertical space and clutter. Jumpers hunt by sight and sleep in a silk hammock near the ceiling, so the enclosure needs height, hard points to web to, and a front door so you don't tear the hammock every time you open it.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Semi-copper jumping spider

Hyllus semicupreus

Vertical space and clutter. Jumpers hunt by sight and sleep in a silk hammock near the ceiling, so the enclosure needs height, hard points to web to, and a front door so you don't tear the hammock every time you open it.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Zebra jumping spider

Salticus scenicus

Vertical space and clutter. Jumpers hunt by sight and sleep in a silk hammock near the ceiling, so the enclosure needs height, hard points to web to, and a front door so you don't tear the hammock every time you open it.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Grey wall jumper

Menemerus bivittatus

Vertical space and clutter. Jumpers hunt by sight and sleep in a silk hammock near the ceiling, so the enclosure needs height, hard points to web to, and a front door so you don't tear the hammock every time you open it.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Pantropical jumper

Plexippus paykulli

Vertical space and clutter. Jumpers hunt by sight and sleep in a silk hammock near the ceiling, so the enclosure needs height, hard points to web to, and a front door so you don't tear the hammock every time you open it.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Fighting spider

Thiania bhamoensis

Vertical space and clutter. Jumpers hunt by sight and sleep in a silk hammock near the ceiling, so the enclosure needs height, hard points to web to, and a front door so you don't tear the hammock every time you open it.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Peacock jumping spider

Maratus spp.

Vertical space and clutter. Jumpers hunt by sight and sleep in a silk hammock near the ceiling, so the enclosure needs height, hard points to web to, and a front door so you don't tear the hammock every time you open it.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Wolf spider

Hogna / Tigrosa spp.

Floor space first. Adults want roughly three leg spans of length and no more than about 1.5 leg spans of fall height — a heavy-bodied terrestrial that falls can rupture its abdomen.

Adult: 12" L × 8" W × 6" H

Huntsman spider

Heteropoda spp.

Height first. Arboreals build tube webs against vertical bark, so give them a tall enclosure with a slab to anchor to and only a couple of inches of substrate.

Adult: 8" L × 8" W × 15" H

Chinese mantis

Tenodera sinensis

Molting clearance decides the size: at least three body lengths of height so the mantis can hang upside down and pull free. A short enclosure is the single most common cause of a failed molt.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

European mantis

Mantis religiosa

Molting clearance decides the size: at least three body lengths of height so the mantis can hang upside down and pull free. A short enclosure is the single most common cause of a failed molt.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Ghost mantis

Phyllocrania paradoxa

Molting clearance decides the size: at least three body lengths of height so the mantis can hang upside down and pull free. A short enclosure is the single most common cause of a failed molt.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Orchid mantis

Hymenopus coronatus

Molting clearance decides the size: at least three body lengths of height so the mantis can hang upside down and pull free. A short enclosure is the single most common cause of a failed molt.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Giant Asian mantis

Hierodula membranacea

Molting clearance decides the size: at least three body lengths of height so the mantis can hang upside down and pull free. A short enclosure is the single most common cause of a failed molt.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Dead leaf mantis

Deroplatys desiccata

Molting clearance decides the size: at least three body lengths of height so the mantis can hang upside down and pull free. A short enclosure is the single most common cause of a failed molt.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Spiny flower mantis

Pseudocreobotra wahlbergii

Molting clearance decides the size: at least three body lengths of height so the mantis can hang upside down and pull free. A short enclosure is the single most common cause of a failed molt.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Budwing mantis

Parasphendale affinis

Molting clearance decides the size: at least three body lengths of height so the mantis can hang upside down and pull free. A short enclosure is the single most common cause of a failed molt.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Emperor scorpion

Pandinus imperator

Humid forest floor: deep moist substrate, heavy cover and a big water dish.

Adult: 18" L × 12" W × 9" H

Asian Forest scorpion

Heterometrus spp.

Humid forest floor: deep moist substrate, heavy cover and a big water dish.

Adult: 18" L × 12" W × 9" H

Desert Hairy scorpion

Hadrurus arizonensis

Dry, hot-room enclosure with deep packed sand/soil for burrows or stacked slate crevices to wedge into.

Adult: 15" L × 10" W × 8" H

Flat Rock scorpion

Hadogenes troglodytes

Dry, hot-room enclosure with deep packed sand/soil for burrows or stacked slate crevices to wedge into.

Adult: 21" L × 14" W × 11" H

Deathstalker

Leiurus quinquestriatus

Dry, hot-room enclosure with deep packed sand/soil for burrows or stacked slate crevices to wedge into.

Adult: 9" L × 6" W × 6" H

Giant African millipede

Archispirostreptus gigas

The substrate is both home and diet: composting hardwood leaf litter and rotten wood over deep soil. Get the substrate right and the rest of the care is water and patience.

Adult: 20" L × 12" W × 12" H

Bumblebee millipede

Anadenobolus monilicornis

The substrate is both home and diet: composting hardwood leaf litter and rotten wood over deep soil. Get the substrate right and the rest of the care is water and patience.

Adult: 8" L × 8" W × 12" H

Ivory millipede

Chicobolus spinigerus

The substrate is both home and diet: composting hardwood leaf litter and rotten wood over deep soil. Get the substrate right and the rest of the care is water and patience.

Adult: 8" L × 8" W × 12" H

Vietnamese centipede

Scolopendra dehaani

Substrate depth is the enclosure. Give at least 10 in of packed burrowing mix — a fossorial species with shallow substrate sits exposed and stressed at the surface.

Adult: 16" L × 12" W × 16" H

Giant orange-legged centipede

Scolopendra subspinipes

Substrate depth is the enclosure. Give at least 10 in of packed burrowing mix — a fossorial species with shallow substrate sits exposed and stressed at the surface.

Adult: 16" L × 12" W × 16" H

Vinegaroon (whip scorpion)

Mastigoproctus giganteus

Substrate depth is the enclosure. Give at least 5 in of packed burrowing mix — a fossorial species with shallow substrate sits exposed and stressed at the surface.

Adult: 8" L × 6" W × 11" H

Tailless whip spider

Damon / Phrynus spp.

Height first. Arboreals build tube webs against vertical bark, so give them a tall enclosure with a slab to anchor to and only a couple of inches of substrate.

Adult: 9" L × 9" W × 18" H

Giant cave cockroach

Blaberus giganteus

Height first. Arboreals build tube webs against vertical bark, so give them a tall enclosure with a slab to anchor to and only a couple of inches of substrate.

Adult: 6" L × 6" W × 12" H

Rhino / Hercules beetle

Dynastes / Xylotrupes spp.

The substrate is both home and diet: composting hardwood leaf litter and rotten wood over deep soil. Get the substrate right and the rest of the care is water and patience.

Adult: 12" L × 8" W × 12" H

Colonies

Isopods

Cubaris / Porcellio / Armadillidium spp.

A ventilated bin run as a moisture gradient: one wet end, one dry end, hardwood leaf litter throughout, and cork or bark for surface area.

Adult: 24" L × 16" W × 12" H

Dubia roaches

Blaptica dubia

A smooth-sided, well ventilated bin with vertical egg-crate stacks and a dry diet — moisture comes from produce, not from a wet substrate.

Adult: 24" L × 16" W × 12" H

Discoid roaches

Blaberus discoidalis

A smooth-sided, well ventilated bin with vertical egg-crate stacks and a dry diet — moisture comes from produce, not from a wet substrate.

Adult: 24" L × 16" W × 12" H

Red runner roaches

Shelfordella lateralis

A smooth-sided, well ventilated bin with vertical egg-crate stacks and a dry diet — moisture comes from produce, not from a wet substrate.

Adult: 24" L × 16" W × 12" H

Hissing cockroaches

Gromphadorhina portentosa

A ventilated bin run as a moisture gradient: one wet end, one dry end, hardwood leaf litter throughout, and cork or bark for surface area.

Adult: 24" L × 16" W × 12" H

Springtails

Folsomia candida / Sinella curviseta

A ventilated bin run as a moisture gradient: one wet end, one dry end, hardwood leaf litter throughout, and cork or bark for surface area.

Adult: 24" L × 16" W × 12" H

Mealworms / superworms

Tenebrio molitor / Zophobas morio

A smooth-sided, well ventilated bin with vertical egg-crate stacks and a dry diet — moisture comes from produce, not from a wet substrate.

Adult: 24" L × 16" W × 12" H

Crickets

Acheta domesticus / Gryllodes sigillatus

A smooth-sided, well ventilated bin with vertical egg-crate stacks and a dry diet — moisture comes from produce, not from a wet substrate.

Adult: 24" L × 16" W × 12" H

Bean beetles

Callosobruchus maculatus

A smooth-sided, well ventilated bin with vertical egg-crate stacks and a dry diet — moisture comes from produce, not from a wet substrate.

Adult: 24" L × 16" W × 12" H

Flightless fruit flies

Drosophila melanogaster / hydei

A ventilated bin run as a moisture gradient: one wet end, one dry end, hardwood leaf litter throughout, and cork or bark for surface area.

Adult: 24" L × 16" W × 12" H

Track the husbandry, not just read it

Apply any of these specs to an animal record, then log feedings, sheds, weights and cleanings against it. Start with the enclosure builder or the free rack builder.